Research
Selected research, evidence summaries, and clinical materials related to freeze-dried mother's own milk fortification.
Featured Reports
Freeze-dried Mother’s Own Milk as Fortification
A late preterm infant with complicated intestinal atresia and congenital shortened bowel demonstrated intolerance to standard cow milk-based fortification. Intolerance symptoms resolved within 24 hours of transitioning to FDMOM fortification, and weight-for-age advanced from the 24th to the 66th percentile within 86 days.
Ward et al. American Journal of Perinatology Reports, 2026
Read publicationClinical ApplicationScoping Review: Lyophilized Human Milk for Preterm Infants
A comprehensive scoping review examining the evidence for lyophilized human milk use in preterm infants, covering safety, nutritional considerations, and clinical applications of freeze-dried breast milk.
Sproat, T.D.R. et al. Journal of Perinatology, 2024
Read publicationClinical ObservationFreeze-Dried Donor Milk for Fortification of Mother’s Own Milk in Preterm Infants
A preliminary observational study examining the use of freeze-dried donor milk as a fortifier for mother’s own milk in preterm infants, evaluating tolerance, growth outcomes, and feasibility in clinical practice.
Nutrients, 2025
Read publicationSelected Literature
Cavazos-Garduño, A. et al.
Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 2016
Demonstrated no significant change in total fat content and fatty acid profiles after freeze-drying.
Read publicationHahn, W-H. et al.
Journal of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, 2017
Showed preservation of HMO profiles during the freeze-drying process.
Read publicationCortez, M.V. et al.
Breastfeeding Medicine, 2016
No significant change in protein content and proteomic profiles after lyophilization.
Read publicationMartrysiak-Żurowska, N. et al.
Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 2017
Retained lysozyme activity and analyzed bioactive component preservation.
Read publicationManin et al.
Journal of Perinatology, 2023
Research demonstrates no significant changes in total fat content, fatty acid profiles, protein content, or proteomic profiles after freeze-drying.
Read publicationHahn, W-H. et al.
Analytical Science and Technology, 2020
Analyzed glycoprotein retention in freeze-dried breast milk, finding no significant change.
Read publicationJarzynka, S. et al.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021
Demonstrated that combining high-pressure processing and freeze-drying is the most effective technique for maintaining biological values and microbiological safety of donor milk.
Read publicationBomfim, V.S. et al.
PLOS One, 2018
Fortifying human milk with freeze-dried milk concentrate increased lipid content while preserving essential nutrients present only in breast milk during six months of frozen storage.
Read publicationOliveira, M.M. et al.
Environmental Research, 2020
Found low concentrations of potentially toxic elements in human milk concentrate produced by lyophilization, indicating it is safe for consumption by premature newborns.
Read publicationRequest Additional Clinical Materials
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